Ventilation plays a special role in maintaining a healthy microclimate in any room. Lack of air or the presence of unpleasant odors affect well -being negatively. A headache, malaise, loss of strength and drowsiness appear.
The device of ventilation systems is a technologically complex event, the effectiveness of the work and the final cost of the equipment depend on the literacy of the design.
The natural method of ventilation of the room is carried out due to the strength of the wind and the temperature difference on the street and in the building. When organizing such air exchange, it is not required to use electrical appliances, the system does not fail and works independently, which significantly saves costs both for installation and subsequent operation.
The main disadvantages of natural ventilation are:
dependence of the working capacity on weather conditions;
lack of the possibility of regulation;
inefficiency of use in low buildings;
High heat loss.
The forced ventilation system consists of equipment that can create air exchange, filter and heat the air. Its performance does not depend on atmospheric conditions, and can also be regulated. Artificial and natural ventilations are used together to create optimal conditions for work and rest.
Forced mechanical ventilation systems are divided into the following types:
Supply – provides air circulation in the room by drawing it into the room. With an increase in pressure, the air goes along with carbon dioxide through the ventilation hole. At the entrance, it is recommended to use such equipment as a calorifier, a filter, and if necessary, a humidifier. The cost of this system is low, but during operation it is necessary to engage in maintenance and replacement of consumables.
Exhaust ventilation with the help of the fan built into the ventilation blow extinguishes the air from the room, lowering the pressure. This creates a tributary of clean air from the outside through door and window slots or special ventilation valves. The cost of the equipment is small, but in the heating period significant heat losses are inevitable.
Supply and exhaust – simultaneous use of the above types. It consists of a fan, air ducts, valves, a califfer, a recuperator and filters. The air through the duct enters the cleaning and heating system and is used to heat a new fresh air flow. This process allows you to save on heating, but the installation and maintenance of the ventilation system requires investments.