The main type of equipment that is used for the construction and repair of roads is auto sides. With their help, the planning of slopes, excavations are planned, embankments are erected, the subgrade is profiled. They are also used to move soil and road construction materials. Autograms are also able to mix soil and gravel with various additives and astringent materials, arrange side ditches in the roads of roads and even clean roads from snow. That is, they take part not only in the repair and construction of roads, but also in their further content.
It is possible to carry out such a variety of types of work, the possibility of installing the dump at different angles in horizontal and in vertical planes, as well as its removal to the side. The design of the auto grader allows you to install such types of shift equipment on it as Kirkovchik, bulldozer, looser and others, which makes it a universal machine.
The main parameters of the auto grader are power and mass. By engine power, the class of the auto grader is determined in Russia. GOST 11030-93 “Autogram. General technical conditions “divides them into four classes. Before the specified standard has entered into force, the auto graders were divided into three classes – light, medium and heavy. Sometimes such a classification can be found now.
For the current repair of roads, as well as their further maintenance, they mainly use light auto guards, and for the construction and repair of roads on soils to the III category are used by middle class graders. Severe graders are most often used, they are mainly used where difficult soil conditions and there are large volumes of work.
As for the control systems of auto grader, the most common machines with a hydraulic system are also graders that have mechanical or combined systems (mechanical-hydraulic, pneumoleic and others).
According to statistical data, in the last decade, the fleet of motor graders was almost not updated, there was a fall in both the production of these machines by domestic industry and purchases from foreign manufacturers. As a result, there was an acute need for machines of this type, and in the near future we should expect an increase in demand for auto graders and, as a result, an increase in their production, since graders produced in Russia are almost equivalent to foreign analogues. Moreover, heavy -class car guards and especially heavy cars will be more popular, as they are more universal in use and have a wider area of application.